Between assistance and dependence
High school students’ perceptions of artificial intelligence use in writing tasks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56162/transdigital537Keywords:
artificial intelligence, academic writing, student perception, AI-assisted learning, educational ethicsAbstract
This reseach analyzed the perceptions of first-year high school students regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools applied to academic writing. Five applications: ChatGPT, Gemini, Grammarly, ProWritingAid, and Perplexity, were explored to identify their usefulness, ease of use, and educational value. The research was conducted with 35 students, who completed AI-assisted writing tasks and answered a subsequent evaluation questionnaire. The results showed a predominantly positive attitude toward these tools, especially regarding grammatical correction, text organization, and idea generation. However, concerns were also raised about technological dependence and the potential loss of originality. In the discussion, the findings are compared with recent research, confirming the general trend toward the cautious acceptance of AI in educational contexts. The study concluded that these tools can enhance writing skills if integrated with teacher guidance and ethical reflection on their use.
References
Balalle, H. (2025). Reassessing academic integrity in the age of AI: A systematic literature review on AI and academic integrity. Computers & Education, 11(1).
Bensalem, E., Harizi, R., & Boujlida, A. (2024). Exploring undergraduate students’ usage and perceptions of AI writing tools. Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 14(2), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.18844/gjflt.v14i2.9344
Delcker, J., Heil, J., Ifenthaler, D., Seufert, S., & Spirgi, L. (2024). First-year students AI-competence as a predictor for intended and de facto use of AI-tools for supporting learning processes in higher education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18.
Discutido, R. A. (2025). Exploring the Perceived Usefulness and Effect of AI Writing Tools in Enhancing the Quality of Written Outputs of Senior High School Students. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 6(9), 4267-4277. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.06.09.02
Escalante, J., Pack, A. & Barrett, A. (2023). AI-generated feedback on writing: insights into efficacy and ENL student preference. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 57.
Hughes, L., Malik, T., Dettmer, S., Al-Busaidi, A. S., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2025). Reimagining Higher Education: Navigating the Challenges of Generative AI-Adoption. Information Systems Frontiers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-025-10582-6
Kim, J., Klopfer, M., Grohs, J. R., Eldardiry, H., Weichert, J., Cox II, L. A., & Pike, D. (2025). Examining Faculty and Student Perceptions of Generative AI in University Courses. Innovative Higher Education, 50, 1281–1313.
Kohnke, L., Moorhouse, B. ?L., & Zou, D. (2023). ChatGPT for language teaching and learning.? RELC-Journal,54(2), 537-550.
Kovári, A. (2025). Ethical use of ChatGPT in education—Best practices to mitigate risks. Frontiers in Education, 9, 156009.
Lee, J., Hicke, Y., Yu, R., Brooks, C., & Kizilcec, R. F. (2024). The life cycle of large language models in education: A framework for understanding sources of bias. British Journal of Educational Technology, 55(5), 1982-2002.
Llausas, S. M., Ruiz, E., Ayucan, S. M., & Evardo Jr., O. J. (2024). A Systematic Literature Review on the Use of Grammarly in Improving the Writing Skills of ESL/EFL Students. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 5(9), 3507-3516. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.05.09.10
Moya Zúñiga, M. N., & Guevara Peñaranda N. F. (2025). EFL student’s perceptions of AI tolos in the developement of English writing skills in ecuadorian baccalaureatte. Polo del conocimiento: revista multidisciplinar de innovación y estudios aplicados, 10(6), 3415-3435.
Ravšelj, D., Kerži?, D., Tomaževi?, N., Umek, L., Brezovar, N., Iahad, N. A., Aristovnik, A., Kova?, M., Štular, S., Štular, M., Štular, J., Štular, T., Štular, V., Štular, Z., Štular, I., Štular, U., Štular, R., Štular, P., Štular, O., Štular, N., et al. (2025). Higher education students’ perceptions of ChatGPT: A global study of early reactions. PLoS ONE, 20(2), e0315011. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315011
Stöhr, C., Demirbilek, M., & Yu, S. (2024). Perceptions and usage of AI chatbots among students: A cross-national comparison. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 5, 100172.
Umarova, K., Wise, T., Lyu, Z., Lee, M., & Yang, Q. (2025). How problematic writer AI interactions (rather than problematic AI) hinder writers' idea generation. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.11915
Venkatesh, V. (2022). Adoption and use of AI tools: a research agenda grounded in UTAUT. Annals of Operations-Research, 308, 641–652.
Wieczorek, M., Hosseini, M. & Gordijn, B. (2025). Unpacking the ethics of using AI in primary and secondary education: a systematic literature review. AI Ethics, 5, 4693–4711
Yuk Chan, C. K., & Wenjie, H. (2023). Students’ voices on generative AI: perceptions, benefits, and challenges in higher education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20.
Zhai, C., Wibowo, S., & Li, L. D. (2024). The effects of over-reliance on AI dialogue systems on learning. Smart Learning Environments, 11(2), 15–28.
Downloads
Autor de correspondencia
El autor de correspodencia se identifica con el siguiente símbolo: *Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2025 César Pascual Romero Casanova

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles in Transdigital are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Authors hold the copyright and retain publishing rights without restrictions.








